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How to control pathogens occurring in Chili crops?

How to control pathogens occurring in Chili crops?

Pathogenic diseases occurring in chili are:

Damping-off: This fungal disease occurs in the seedling stage only. There is no cure. Prevention is however possible. Treat seeds with quality fungicide. Use well-drained soil media. Do not overcrowd plantlets.

Blight/Wet rot: This is a fungal infestation occurring in common crops. Rainy conditions and humidity cause the fungus to grow and develop symptoms like water-soaked lesions on plant tips, flowers, and fruits. Fungus grows towards stems causing dieback. Few fungicide sprays can help control this pathogen. It is better to treat it proactively through preventive spraying of fungicides.

Powdery mildew: This fungus creates a powdery covering on leaf surfaces. Its development is favored by humidity and cloudy conditions. If not treated in the early stage, it can cause complete defoliation of the crop. 

Leaf spots (fungal): Spots with brown margins and gray center grow and mix together. This may cause a hole inside the spot. May cause the death of branches. This disease comes from previous crop debris, seeds, weeds, etc. 

Fusarium wilt: Leaf veins become yellow. Leaves become chlorotic. New leaves die, wilt and drop. High soil moisture and temperature favor the spread through soil and tools. 

Fruit rot: Circular spot appears on ripening fruit. Spot may turn straw color. Fruit gets rotten. High humidity, rain during the ripening stage of fruit promotes this disease. Preventive fungicidal sprays are recommended.

Leaf spot (bacterial): This bacterial disease causes lesions on leaves, fruits and stems. Water soaked spot appears on the leaves. It turns brown with a yellow border. These lesions are slightly raised on the lower leaf surface. Lesions on fruits are raised. This fungus spread with the splashing of rain. Moderate temperature, high relative humidity and rain favors development. 

All above diseases occur in humid climates. Hence it is best to take sprays of quality fungicides during cloudy conditions. Quality fungicides recommended in chili are as below. 

Prochloraz 24.4% + Tebuconazole 12.1% w/w EW (Zamir by adama) Fruit rot,Die-back & Powdery mildew 2 ml per liter. Spray can be used till 5 days before harvesting

Tebuconazole 50% + Trifloxystrobin 25% WG (Bayer Nativo): Powdery mildew, Anthracnose, Alternaria leaf spot. Spray 0.5 gram per liter, Spray can be used till 5 days before harvesting

Tebuconazole 10% + Sulfur 65% WG (Tebulur-Darrick insecticides limited) available on amzaon) Powdery mildew & Fruit rot 2.5 gram per lit. Spray can be used till 5 days before harvesting

Tebuconazole 6.7% + Captan 26.9% w/w SC (Focus by Agrosis)   Powdery mildew and Antrhacnose 2 ml per lit. Spray can be used till 5 days before harvesting

Picoxystrobin 6.78% + Tricyclazole 20.33 %w/w SC (Slogan by NACL) Anthracnose, Wet rot, Powdery mildew 2 ml per liter. Spray can be used till 3 days before harvesting

Metiram 55% + Pyraclostrobin 5% WG (BASF Cabriotop) Anthracnose 3 gram per liter. Spray can be used till 5 days before harvesting

Metalaxyl M 4% + Mancozeb 64% WP (Master by Rallis) damping off. Spray can be used till  3 gram per liter 

Kresoxim-methyl 15% + Chlorothalonil 56% WG (Sarthak by Tata) Powdery mildew, Leaf spot, Anthracnose 2 gram per lit. Spray can be used till 5 days before harvesting

Fluxapyroxad 250 g/l + Pyraclostrobin 250 g/l SC (Merivon by BASF) Powdery mildew, Anthracnose 0.5 ml per liter. Spray can be used till 7 days before harvesting

Tebuconazole 15% + Zineb 57% WDG : Powdery mildew, leaf spot, Choanephora blight and Anthracnose fruit rot.  Foliar spray 2.5 gram per liter, Spray can be used till 28 days before harvesting

Fluopyram 17.7% w/w + Tebuconazole 17.7% w/w SC Powdery mildew and Anthracnose 1 ml per liter. Spray can be used till 5 days before harvesting

Flubendamide 3.5% + Hexaconazole 5% WG Leaf spot, Powdery mildew & Anthracnose 3 ml per liter. Spray can be used till 10 days before harvsting

Chlorothalonil 40.0% w/w + Difenoconazole 4.0 w/w SC Powdery mildew, Anthracnose, Fruit rot 2 ml per liter. Spray can be used till 7 days before harvesting

Carbendazim 25 % + Flusilazole 12.5% SE Powdery mildew,Fruit rot, Die-Back 2 ml per liter. Spray can be used till  5 days before harvesting

Carbendazim 12%+ Mancozeb 63% WP leaf Spot, Fruit rot, and Powdery mildew  1.5 gram per lit. Spray can be used till 3 days before harvesting

Captan 70% + Hexaconazole 5% WP Fruit rot (Anthracnose) 1-2 gram per liter. Spray can be used till 5 days before harvesting

Boscalid 25.2% +Pyraclostrobin 12.8% WG  powdery mildew 1-1.2 gram per liter. Spray can be used till 10 days before harvesting

Azoxystrobin 12.5% + Tebuconazole 12.5% SC Powdery mildew and fruit rot 1-2 ml per lit. Spray can be used till 5 days before harvesting

Azoxystrobin 11% + Tebuconazole 18.3% w/w SC Fruit rot,Powdery mildew, Die-back 1 ml per liter. Spray can be used till 5 days before harvesting

Azoxystrobin 8.3% + Mancozeb 66.7% WG Powdery mildew, Leaf spot, Anthracnose 3 gram per liter. Spray can be used till 7 days before harvesting

Azoxystrobin 18.2% + Difenoconazole 11.4% w/w SC  Anthracnose and Powdery Mildew1 ml per liter. Spray can be used till 5 days before harvesting

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